Economic Importance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Current Advances in Wheat Genome Biotechnology

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most economically significant crops worldwide, serving as a staple food for billions of people and a key contributor to global agricultural GDP. This study explores the economic importance of wheat and the current advancements in wheat genome biotechnology, focusing on recent developments that enhance wheat productivity, disease resistance, and nutritional value. The research employs asystematic review methodology, analyzing peer-reviewed literature, reports, and scientific articles to evaluate the role of wheat in global food security and technological innovations in wheat breeding.Key findings highlight wheat’s contribution to various industries, including food production, biofuels, and livestock feed, while also addressing its role in global trade. Advances in genome sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing, marker-assisted selection, hybrid wheat breeding, and synthetic wheat development have revolutionized wheat genetics, leading to higher yields and resilience against climate change and diseases. However, challenges such as complex genome structures, regulatory barriers, and limited access to genomic technology in developing nations persist. The study concludes that while wheat genome biotechnology holds great promise for future food security, increased investment, international collaboration, and public awareness are crucial for its successful adoption. Recommendations emphasize the need for sustained research funding, capacity building, and policy reforms to bridge the gap between technological advancements and practical agricultural applications.

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Review article (Published On: 30-May-2025)

Economic Importance of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Current Advances in Wheat Genome Biotechnology

Abstract

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